Flight Instructor (Airplane) Elements of Effective Teaching that Include Risk Management and Accident Prevention Lesson Plan

Flight Instructor (Airplane) • ACS Area I, Task F

The Flight Instructor (Airplane) Elements of Effective Teaching that Include Risk Management and Accident Prevention Lesson Plan covers the instructional knowledge, risk management, and skills required by FAA-S-ACS-25.

Flight Instructor (Airplane) Elements of Effective Teaching that Include Risk Management and Accident Prevention Lesson Plan

Introduction

  • Schedule

    Topic:
    Time:
    Attention/Motivator:
    0:05
    Part 1, Lesson Introduction:
    0:05
    Part 2, Instructional Knowledge:
    0:25
    Part 3, Risk Management Instruction:
    0:15
    Part 4, Skill Demonstration and Teaching:
    0:30
    Part 5, Guided Teaching Scenario:
    0:20
    Part 6, Lesson Conclusion:
    0:05
    Remotivation/Closure:
    0:05
    Total Ground Time:
    0:00

  • Attention Getter:

    • Present a teaching scenario in which learner safety or understanding depends on effective instruction in elements of Effective Teaching that Include Risk Management and Accident Prevention.
    • Ask the instructor applicant to identify the first instructional decision that will shape the learner's outcome.

  • Motivator:

    • To determine the applicant understands teaching practical risk management, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

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Flight Instructor (Airplane) Elements of Effective Teaching that Include Risk Management and Accident Prevention Lesson Plan

Materials

  • Required Materials:

    • Writing instrument and instructional surface.
    • FAA-S-ACS-25, Flight Instructor for Airplane Category Airman Certification Standards.
    • Lesson plan, student training record, and applicable instructor records.

  • Optional Materials:

    • Model-specific Pilot's Operating Handbook or Airplane Flight Manual (POH/AFM).
    • Manufacturer-approved checklist and performance data.
    • Current charts, Chart Supplement, NOTAMs, and electronic flight bag, as applicable.
    • Airplane, cockpit procedures trainer, approved training device, or classroom teaching aids, as appropriate.

  • Reference Materials:

Flight Instructor (Airplane) Elements of Effective Teaching that Include Risk Management and Accident Prevention Lesson Plan

Instructor Actions

  • Before the lesson, review the reference materials, applicable airplane limitations, and the instructor applicant's prior lesson preparation.
  • Part 1, Lesson Introduction:
    • Present the attention getter and motivator.
    • Review Area of Operation I, Task F, and the Airman Certification Standards.
    • State the lesson objective: To determine the applicant understands teaching practical risk management, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.
  • Part 2, Instructional Knowledge:
    • Explain, teach, and assess learner understanding of FI.I.F.K1: Teaching risk identification, assessment, and mitigation.
    • Explain, teach, and assess learner understanding of FI.I.F.K2: Teaching risk management tools, including:
      • FI.I.F.K2a: a. Pilot/Aircraft/enVironment/External Pressures (PAVE) checklist
      • FI.I.F.K2b: b. Flight Risk Assessment Tools (FRATs)
    • Explain, teach, and assess learner understanding of FI.I.F.K3: When and how to introduce risk management.
    • Explain, teach, and assess learner understanding of FI.I.F.K4: Risk management teaching techniques by phase of instruction.
    • Explain, teach, and assess learner understanding of FI.I.F.K5: Managing risk during flight instruction, including:
      • FI.I.F.K5a: a. Common flight instruction risks
      • FI.I.F.K5b: b. Best practices
      • FI.I.F.K5c: c. Special considerations while teaching takeoffs and landings
    • Explain, teach, and assess learner understanding of FI.I.F.K6: Aeronautical Decision-Making (ADM) to include using Crew Resource Management (CRM) or Single- Pilot Resource Management (SRM), as appropriate.
  • Part 3, Risk Management Instruction:
    • Teach the learner to identify, assess, and mitigate FI.I.F.R1: Hazards associated with providing flight instruction.
    • Teach the learner to identify, assess, and mitigate FI.I.F.R2: Obstacles to maintaining situational awareness during flight instruction.
    • Teach the learner to identify, assess, and mitigate FI.I.F.R3: Recognizing and managing hazards arising from human behavior, including hazardous attitudes.
    • Require the instructor applicant to model risk controls, intervention points, and discontinue criteria while teaching.
  • Part 4, Skill Demonstration and Teaching:
    • Demonstrate and provide instruction on FI.I.F.S1: Use scenario-based training (SBT) to demonstrate, teach, and assess risk management and Aeronautical Decision-Making (ADM) skills in the context of a Task specified by the evaluator.
    • Demonstrate and provide instruction on FI.I.F.S2: Identify, assess, and mitigate risks commonly associated with flight instruction by maintaining:
      • FI.I.F.S2a: a. Awareness and oversight of the learner’s actions, with timely and appropriate supervision, intervention, or mitigation as needed
      • FI.I.F.S2b: b. Awareness of the learner’s cognitive/physiological state, with timely action to mitigate anxiety, fatigue, or other obstruction to learning
      • FI.I.F.S2c: c. Overall situational awareness of the aircraft’s dynamic state, its position in space, and vigilance for unexpected events or changing circumstances that occur in the environment
    • Demonstrate and provide instruction on FI.I.F.S3: Model and teach safety practices, including maintaining:
      • FI.I.F.S3a: a. Collision avoidance while simultaneously providing instruction
      • FI.I.F.S3b: b. Avoidance of unnecessary distractions
      • FI.I.F.S3c: c. Coordinated flight
      • FI.I.F.S3d: d. Awareness of who is manipulating controls through positive exchange of flight controls
      • FI.I.F.S3e: e. Continuous awareness of the aircraft’s dynamic state and position in the NAS
    • Coach simultaneous explanation, demonstration, observation, error correction, and, when airborne, positive aircraft control.
  • Part 5, Guided Teaching Scenario:
    • Lead the guided scenario.
    • Evaluate instructional organization, technical accuracy, risk management, learner engagement, and every applicable ACS element.
  • Part 6, Lesson Conclusion:
    • Review the lesson objective, instructional strengths, risk-management decisions, and items requiring additional practice.
    • Present the re-motivation and closure.
  • Update instructor records and the instructor applicant's training record, as required.
Flight Instructor (Airplane) Elements of Effective Teaching that Include Risk Management and Accident Prevention Lesson Plan

Guided Scenario(s)

  • The instructor applicant must teach a learner a lesson involving elements of Effective Teaching that Include Risk Management and Accident Prevention while maintaining an organized lesson flow and an appropriate level of learner participation.
  • Ask the instructor applicant to identify hazards, including FI.I.F.R1: Hazards associated with providing flight instruction, and teach how each risk will be controlled.
  • Require the instructor applicant to explain, demonstrate, or coach the learner through FI.I.F.S1: Use scenario-based training (SBT) to demonstrate, teach, and assess risk management and Aeronautical Decision-Making (ADM) skills in the context of a Task specified by the evaluator, as appropriate to the task and training environment.
  • Introduce a realistic learner error, misconception, change in operating conditions, or external pressure and require the instructor applicant to adapt the lesson.
  • Conclude with a learner-centered assessment and instructor self-critique tied to the ACS knowledge, risk management, and skill elements.
Flight Instructor (Airplane) Elements of Effective Teaching that Include Risk Management and Accident Prevention Lesson Plan

Student Actions

  • Complete assigned readings and prepare a lesson plan with objective, content sequence, teaching aids, assessment, and completion standards.
  • Teach the applicable knowledge elements accurately and in learner-appropriate language rather than relying on rote recitation.
  • Identify, assess, mitigate, and teach the risks associated with the task.
  • Demonstrate or explain each applicable skill while maintaining positive control, observing the learner, and correcting errors appropriately.
  • Use effective questions, check learner understanding, conduct a learner-centered assessment, and perform an instructor self-assessment.
Flight Instructor (Airplane) Elements of Effective Teaching that Include Risk Management and Accident Prevention Lesson Plan

Airman Certification Standards

Flight Instructor (Airplane) Elements of Effective Teaching that Include Risk Management and Accident Prevention Airman Certification Standards

  • Note: The evaluator must select Task E, Task F, and at least one other Task for initial flight instructor applicants. During a practical test for an added flight instructor rating or flight instructor reinstatement, the evaluator has discretion to evaluate the applicant on Fundamentals of Instructing.
  • Task F: Elements of Effective Teaching that Include Risk Management and Accident Prevention.
  • Objective: To determine the applicant understands teaching practical risk management, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.
  • References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-25
Knowledge 6 ACS Elements
  • FI.I.F.K1:
    Teaching risk identification, assessment, and mitigation.
  • FI.I.F.K2:
    Teaching risk management tools, including:
    • FI.I.F.K2a:
      a. Pilot/Aircraft/enVironment/External Pressures (PAVE) checklist
    • FI.I.F.K2b:
      b. Flight Risk Assessment Tools (FRATs)
  • FI.I.F.K3:
    When and how to introduce risk management.
  • FI.I.F.K4:
    Risk management teaching techniques by phase of instruction.
  • FI.I.F.K5:
    Managing risk during flight instruction, including:
    • FI.I.F.K5a:
      a. Common flight instruction risks
    • FI.I.F.K5b:
      b. Best practices
    • FI.I.F.K5c:
      c. Special considerations while teaching takeoffs and landings
  • FI.I.F.K6:
    Aeronautical Decision-Making (ADM) to include using Crew Resource Management (CRM) or Single- Pilot Resource Management (SRM), as appropriate.
Risk Management 3 ACS Elements
  • FI.I.F.R1:
    Hazards associated with providing flight instruction.
  • FI.I.F.R2:
    Obstacles to maintaining situational awareness during flight instruction.
  • FI.I.F.R3:
    Recognizing and managing hazards arising from human behavior, including hazardous attitudes.
Skills 3 ACS Elements
  • FI.I.F.S1:
    Use scenario-based training (SBT) to demonstrate, teach, and assess risk management and Aeronautical Decision-Making (ADM) skills in the context of a Task specified by the evaluator.
  • FI.I.F.S2:
    Identify, assess, and mitigate risks commonly associated with flight instruction by maintaining:
    • FI.I.F.S2a:
      a. Awareness and oversight of the learner’s actions, with timely and appropriate supervision, intervention, or mitigation as needed
    • FI.I.F.S2b:
      b. Awareness of the learner’s cognitive/physiological state, with timely action to mitigate anxiety, fatigue, or other obstruction to learning
    • FI.I.F.S2c:
      c. Overall situational awareness of the aircraft’s dynamic state, its position in space, and vigilance for unexpected events or changing circumstances that occur in the environment
  • FI.I.F.S3:
    Model and teach safety practices, including maintaining:
    • FI.I.F.S3a:
      a. Collision avoidance while simultaneously providing instruction
    • FI.I.F.S3b:
      b. Avoidance of unnecessary distractions
    • FI.I.F.S3c:
      c. Coordinated flight
    • FI.I.F.S3d:
      d. Awareness of who is manipulating controls through positive exchange of flight controls
    • FI.I.F.S3e:
      e. Continuous awareness of the aircraft’s dynamic state and position in the NAS
Flight Instructor (Airplane) Elements of Effective Teaching that Include Risk Management and Accident Prevention Lesson Plan

Conclusion

  • Re-Motivation:

    • Effective instruction in elements of Effective Teaching that Include Risk Management and Accident Prevention helps learners build sound judgment, technical competence, and safe operating habits.

  • Closure:

    • Advise students that this lesson will be used as a starting point for the next lesson.
    • Assign study materials for the next lesson.