Private Pilot (Helicopter) Shallow Approach and Running/Roll-On Landing Lesson Plan

Private Pilot (Helicopter) • ACS Area V, Task H

The Private Pilot (Helicopter) Shallow Approach and Running/Roll-On Landing Lesson Plan covers the knowledge, risk management, and skills required by FAA-S-ACS-15.

Private Pilot (Helicopter) Shallow Approach and Running/Roll-On Landing Lesson Plan

Introduction

  • Schedule

    Topic:
    Time:
    Attention/Motivator:
    0:05
    Part 1, Lesson Introduction:
    0:05
    Part 2, Knowledge Elements:
    0:20
    Part 3, Risk Management:
    0:15
    Part 4, Skill Development:
    0:30
    Part 5, Guided Scenario(s):
    0:20
    Part 6, Lesson Conclusion:
    0:05
    Remotivation/Closure:
    0:05
    Total Ground Time:
    0:00

  • Attention Getter:

    • Present a helicopter scenario in which the outcome depends on sound shallow approach and running/roll-on landing knowledge, risk management, and technique.
    • Ask the student to identify the earliest decision or control input that determines a safe outcome.

  • Motivator:

    • To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with shallow approach and running/roll-on landing operation.

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Private Pilot (Helicopter) Shallow Approach and Running/Roll-On Landing Lesson Plan

Materials

  • Required Materials:

    • Writing instrument and instructional surface.
    • FAA-S-ACS-15, Private Pilot for Rotorcraft Category Helicopter Rating Airman Certification Standards.
    • Student training record and applicable lesson records.

  • Optional Materials:

    • Model-specific Pilot's Operating Handbook or Rotorcraft Flight Manual (POH/RFM).
    • Manufacturer-approved checklist and performance data.
    • Current charts, Chart Supplement, NOTAMs, and electronic flight bag, as applicable.
    • Helicopter, cockpit procedures trainer, or approved training device, as appropriate.

  • Reference Materials:

Private Pilot (Helicopter) Shallow Approach and Running/Roll-On Landing Lesson Plan

Instructor Actions

  • Before the lesson, review the reference materials, helicopter limitations, and local operating considerations.
  • Part 1, Lesson Introduction:
    • Present the attention getter and motivator.
    • Review Area of Operation V, Task H, and the Airman Certification Standards.
    • State the lesson objective: To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with shallow approach and running/roll-on landing operation.
  • Part 2, Knowledge Elements:
    • Explain and discuss PH.V.H.K1: Elements related to shallow approach and running/roll-on landing, including when to use the maneuver, aircraft limitations, and effect of landing surface texture.
    • Explain and discuss PH.V.H.K2: Effects of wind, weight, temperature, and density altitude.
  • Part 3, Risk Management:
    • Use a helicopter scenario to have the student identify, assess, and mitigate PH.V.H.R1: Selection of approach path and landing based on aircraft performance and limitations, and wind.
    • Use a helicopter scenario to have the student identify, assess, and mitigate PH.V.H.R2: Effects of:
      • PH.V.H.R2a: a. Wind Direction
      • PH.V.H.R2b: b. Windshear
      • PH.V.H.R2c: c. Turbulence, including wake turbulence
    • Use a helicopter scenario to have the student identify, assess, and mitigate PH.V.H.R3: Planning for:
      • PH.V.H.R3a: a. Powerplant failure during approach/landing phase of flight
    • Use a helicopter scenario to have the student identify, assess, and mitigate PH.V.H.R4: Collision hazards.
    • Use a helicopter scenario to have the student identify, assess, and mitigate PH.V.H.R5: Landing surface.
    • Use a helicopter scenario to have the student identify, assess, and mitigate PH.V.H.R6: Dynamic rollover.
    • Use a helicopter scenario to have the student identify, assess, and mitigate PH.V.H.R7: Ground resonance.
    • Use a helicopter scenario to have the student identify, assess, and mitigate PH.V.H.R8: Aircraft limitations.
    • Use a helicopter scenario to have the student identify, assess, and mitigate PH.V.H.R9: Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
    • Require the student to verbalize trigger points for discontinuing or modifying the operation.
  • Part 4, Skill Development:
    • Demonstrate, then coach the student to PH.V.H.S1: Complete the appropriate checklist(s).
    • Demonstrate, then coach the student to PH.V.H.S2: Make radio calls as appropriate.
    • Demonstrate, then coach the student to PH.V.H.S3: Maintain powerplant and main rotor (Nr) speed within normal limits.
    • Demonstrate, then coach the student to PH.V.H.S4: Establish and maintain the recommended approach angle and proper rate of closure.
    • Demonstrate, then coach the student to PH.V.H.S5: Determine wind direction and maintain ground track with crosswind correction.
    • Demonstrate, then coach the student to PH.V.H.S6: Maintain effective translational lift during surface contact with landing gear parallel to the ground track.
    • Demonstrate, then coach the student to PH.V.H.S7: Make smooth, timely, and correct control inputs after surface contact to maintain directional control.
    • Demonstrate, then coach the student to PH.V.H.S8: Use runway incursion avoidance procedures, if applicable.
    • Apply the helicopter POH/RFM, checklist, limitations, and FAA safety-of-flight guidance throughout the demonstration and practice.
  • Part 5, Guided Scenario(s):
    • Lead the guided scenario.
    • Evaluate the student's decisions and performance against every applicable ACS element.
  • Part 6, Lesson Conclusion:
    • Review the lesson objective, identified risks, performance strengths, and items requiring additional practice.
    • Present the re-motivation and closure.
  • Update instructor records and the student's training record, as required.
Private Pilot (Helicopter) Shallow Approach and Running/Roll-On Landing Lesson Plan

Guided Scenario(s)

  • During a planned helicopter flight, conditions require the student to apply the knowledge and procedures associated with shallow approach and running/roll-on landing.
  • Ask the student to identify hazards, including Selection of approach path and landing based on aircraft performance and limitations, and wind., and explain how each risk will be controlled.
  • Require the student to brief, perform, or explain how to Complete the appropriate checklist(s)., as appropriate to the task and training environment.
  • Introduce a realistic change in wind, power available, landing area, traffic, system status, or external pressure and require the student to reassess the plan.
  • Conclude with a self-critique tied to the ACS knowledge, risk management, and skill elements.
Private Pilot (Helicopter) Shallow Approach and Running/Roll-On Landing Lesson Plan

Student Actions

  • Complete assigned readings and review the model-specific POH/RFM and checklist.
  • Explain the applicable knowledge elements in scenario context rather than by rote recall.
  • Identify, assess, and mitigate the risks associated with the task.
  • Demonstrate or explain each applicable skill within ACS standards and helicopter limitations.
  • Ask pertinent questions, perform a self-assessment, and make appropriate go/no-go or continue/discontinue decisions.
Private Pilot (Helicopter) Shallow Approach and Running/Roll-On Landing Lesson Plan

Airman Certification Standards

Private Pilot (Helicopter) Shallow Approach and Running/Roll-On Landing Airman Certification Standards

  • Task H: Shallow Approach and Running/Roll-On Landing.
  • Objective: To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with shallow approach and running/roll-on landing operation.
  • References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-21, FAA-H-8083-25; POH/RFM
Knowledge 2 ACS Elements
  • PH.V.H.K1:
    Elements related to shallow approach and running/roll-on landing, including when to use the maneuver, aircraft limitations, and effect of landing surface texture.
  • PH.V.H.K2:
    Effects of wind, weight, temperature, and density altitude.
Risk Management 9 ACS Elements
  • PH.V.H.R1:
    Selection of approach path and landing based on aircraft performance and limitations, and wind.
  • PH.V.H.R2:
    Effects of:
    • PH.V.H.R2a:
      a. Wind Direction
    • PH.V.H.R2b:
      b. Windshear
    • PH.V.H.R2c:
      c. Turbulence, including wake turbulence
  • PH.V.H.R3:
    Planning for:
    • PH.V.H.R3a:
      a. Powerplant failure during approach/landing phase of flight
  • PH.V.H.R4:
    Collision hazards.
  • PH.V.H.R5:
    Landing surface.
  • PH.V.H.R6:
    Dynamic rollover.
  • PH.V.H.R7:
    Ground resonance.
  • PH.V.H.R8:
    Aircraft limitations.
  • PH.V.H.R9:
    Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
Skills 8 ACS Elements
  • PH.V.H.S1:
    Complete the appropriate checklist(s).
  • PH.V.H.S2:
    Make radio calls as appropriate.
  • PH.V.H.S3:
    Maintain powerplant and main rotor (Nr) speed within normal limits.
  • PH.V.H.S4:
    Establish and maintain the recommended approach angle and proper rate of closure.
  • PH.V.H.S5:
    Determine wind direction and maintain ground track with crosswind correction.
  • PH.V.H.S6:
    Maintain effective translational lift during surface contact with landing gear parallel to the ground track.
  • PH.V.H.S7:
    Make smooth, timely, and correct control inputs after surface contact to maintain directional control.
  • PH.V.H.S8:
    Use runway incursion avoidance procedures, if applicable.
Private Pilot (Helicopter) Shallow Approach and Running/Roll-On Landing Lesson Plan

Conclusion

  • Re-Motivation:

    • Consistent shallow approach and running/roll-on landing performance protects the helicopter's limited margins and supports sound pilot-in-command decisions.

  • Closure:

    • Advise students that this lesson will be used as a starting point for the next lesson.
    • Assign study materials for the next lesson.