Flight Instructor (Airplane) Power-On Stalls Lesson Plan

Flight Instructor (Airplane) • ACS Area X, Task D

The Flight Instructor (Airplane) Power-On Stalls Lesson Plan covers the instructional knowledge, risk management, and skills required by FAA-S-ACS-25.

Flight Instructor (Airplane) Power-On Stalls Lesson Plan

Introduction

  • Schedule

    Topic:
    Time:
    Attention/Motivator:
    0:05
    Part 1, Lesson Introduction:
    0:05
    Part 2, Instructional Knowledge:
    0:25
    Part 3, Risk Management Instruction:
    0:15
    Part 4, Skill Demonstration and Teaching:
    0:30
    Part 5, Guided Teaching Scenario:
    0:20
    Part 6, Lesson Conclusion:
    0:05
    Remotivation/Closure:
    0:05
    Total Ground Time:
    0:00

  • Attention Getter:

    • Present a teaching scenario in which learner safety or understanding depends on effective instruction in power-On Stalls.
    • Ask the instructor applicant to identify the first instructional decision that will shape the learner's outcome.

  • Motivator:

    • To determine the applicant understands power-on stalls, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

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Flight Instructor (Airplane) Power-On Stalls Lesson Plan

Materials

  • Required Materials:

    • Writing instrument and instructional surface.
    • FAA-S-ACS-25, Flight Instructor for Airplane Category Airman Certification Standards.
    • Lesson plan, student training record, and applicable instructor records.

  • Optional Materials:

    • Model-specific Pilot's Operating Handbook or Airplane Flight Manual (POH/AFM).
    • Manufacturer-approved checklist and performance data.
    • Current charts, Chart Supplement, NOTAMs, and electronic flight bag, as applicable.
    • Airplane, cockpit procedures trainer, approved training device, or classroom teaching aids, as appropriate.

  • Reference Materials:

Flight Instructor (Airplane) Power-On Stalls Lesson Plan

Instructor Actions

  • Before the lesson, review the reference materials, applicable airplane limitations, and the instructor applicant's prior lesson preparation.
  • Part 1, Lesson Introduction:
    • Present the attention getter and motivator.
    • Review Area of Operation X, Task D, and the Airman Certification Standards.
    • State the lesson objective: To determine the applicant understands power-on stalls, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.
  • Part 2, Instructional Knowledge:
    • Explain, teach, and assess learner understanding of AI.X.D.K1: Purpose of and procedures for power-on stalls.
    • Explain, teach, and assess learner understanding of AI.X.D.K2: Aerodynamics associated with stalls in various airplane configurations, including the relationship between angle of attack, airspeed, load factor, power setting, airplane weight and center of gravity, airplane attitude, and yaw effects.
    • Explain, teach, and assess learner understanding of AI.X.D.K3: Stall characteristics as they relate to airplane design, and recognition impending stall and full stall indications using sight, sound, or feel.
    • Explain, teach, and assess learner understanding of AI.X.D.K4: Factors and situations that can lead to a power-on stall and actions that can be taken to prevent it.
    • Explain, teach, and assess learner understanding of AI.X.D.K5: Fundamentals of stall recovery.
    • Explain, teach, and assess learner understanding of AI.X.D.K6: Common errors related to this Task.
  • Part 3, Risk Management Instruction:
    • Teach the learner to identify, assess, and mitigate AI.X.D.R1: Factors and situations that could lead to an inadvertent power-on stall, spin, and loss of control.
    • Teach the learner to identify, assess, and mitigate AI.X.D.R2: Range and limitations of stall warning indicators (e.g., aircraft buffet, stall horn, etc.).
    • Teach the learner to identify, assess, and mitigate AI.X.D.R3: Stall warning(s) during normal operations.
    • Teach the learner to identify, assess, and mitigate AI.X.D.R4: Stall recovery procedure.
    • Teach the learner to identify, assess, and mitigate AI.X.D.R5: Secondary stalls, accelerated stalls, elevator trim stalls, and cross-control stalls.
    • Teach the learner to identify, assess, and mitigate AI.X.D.R6: Effect of environmental elements on airplane performance related to power-on stalls (e.g., turbulence, microbursts, and high-density altitude).
    • Teach the learner to identify, assess, and mitigate AI.X.D.R7: Collision hazards.
    • Teach the learner to identify, assess, and mitigate AI.X.D.R8: Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
    • Require the instructor applicant to model risk controls, intervention points, and discontinue criteria while teaching.
  • Part 4, Skill Demonstration and Teaching:
    • Demonstrate and provide instruction on AI.X.D.S1: Clear the area.
    • Demonstrate and provide instruction on AI.X.D.S2: Select an entry altitude that allows the Task to be completed no lower than 1,500 feet above ground level (AGL) (ASEL, ASES) or 3,000 feet AGL (AMEL, AMES).
    • Demonstrate and provide instruction on AI.X.D.S3: Establish the takeoff, departure, or cruise configuration, as specified by the evaluator, and maintain coordinated flight throughout the maneuver.
    • Demonstrate and provide instruction on AI.X.D.S4: Set power to no less than 65 percent power.
    • Demonstrate and provide instruction on AI.X.D.S5: Transition smoothly from the takeoff or departure attitude to the pitch attitude that induces a stall.
    • Demonstrate and provide instruction on AI.X.D.S6: Maintain a specified heading ±10° if in straight flight; maintain a specified angle of bank not to exceed 20°, ±10° if in turning flight, until an impending or full stall is reached, as specified by the evaluator.
    • Demonstrate and provide instruction on AI.X.D.S7: Acknowledge the cues at the first indication of a stall (e.g., aircraft buffet, stall horn, etc.).
    • Demonstrate and provide instruction on AI.X.D.S8: Recover at the first indication of a stall or after a full stall has occurred, as specified by the evaluator.
    • Demonstrate and provide instruction on AI.X.D.S9: Configure the airplane as recommended by the manufacturer, and accelerate to best angle of climb speed (VX) or best rate of climb speed (VY).
    • Demonstrate and provide instruction on AI.X.D.S10: Return to the altitude, heading, and airspeed specified by the evaluator.
    • Demonstrate and provide instruction on AI.X.D.S11: Analyze and correct common errors related to this Task.
    • Coach simultaneous explanation, demonstration, observation, error correction, and, when airborne, positive aircraft control.
  • Part 5, Guided Teaching Scenario:
    • Lead the guided scenario.
    • Evaluate instructional organization, technical accuracy, risk management, learner engagement, and every applicable ACS element.
  • Part 6, Lesson Conclusion:
    • Review the lesson objective, instructional strengths, risk-management decisions, and items requiring additional practice.
    • Present the re-motivation and closure.
  • Update instructor records and the instructor applicant's training record, as required.
Flight Instructor (Airplane) Power-On Stalls Lesson Plan

Guided Scenario(s)

  • The instructor applicant must teach a learner a lesson involving power-On Stalls while maintaining an organized lesson flow and an appropriate level of learner participation.
  • Ask the instructor applicant to identify hazards, including AI.X.D.R1: Factors and situations that could lead to an inadvertent power-on stall, spin, and loss of control, and teach how each risk will be controlled.
  • Require the instructor applicant to explain, demonstrate, or coach the learner through AI.X.D.S1: Clear the area, as appropriate to the task and training environment.
  • Introduce a realistic learner error, misconception, change in operating conditions, or external pressure and require the instructor applicant to adapt the lesson.
  • Conclude with a learner-centered assessment and instructor self-critique tied to the ACS knowledge, risk management, and skill elements.
Flight Instructor (Airplane) Power-On Stalls Lesson Plan

Student Actions

  • Complete assigned readings and prepare a lesson plan with objective, content sequence, teaching aids, assessment, and completion standards.
  • Teach the applicable knowledge elements accurately and in learner-appropriate language rather than relying on rote recitation.
  • Identify, assess, mitigate, and teach the risks associated with the task.
  • Demonstrate or explain each applicable skill while maintaining positive control, observing the learner, and correcting errors appropriately.
  • Use effective questions, check learner understanding, conduct a learner-centered assessment, and perform an instructor self-assessment.
Flight Instructor (Airplane) Power-On Stalls Lesson Plan

Airman Certification Standards

Flight Instructor (Airplane) Power-On Stalls Airman Certification Standards

  • Note: For single-engine, the evaluator must select Task A or B; Task C, D, or E; Task F, G, or H; and Task I. For multiengine the evaluator must select Task A and Task C, D, or E.
  • Task D: Power-On Stalls.
  • Note: See Appendix 2: Safety of Flight and Appendix 3: Aircraft, Equipment, and Operational Requirements & Limitations for information related to this Task.
  • Objective: To determine the applicant understands power-on stalls, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.
  • References: AC 61-67; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-25; POH/AFM
Knowledge 6 ACS Elements
  • AI.X.D.K1:
    Purpose of and procedures for power-on stalls.
  • AI.X.D.K2:
    Aerodynamics associated with stalls in various airplane configurations, including the relationship between angle of attack, airspeed, load factor, power setting, airplane weight and center of gravity, airplane attitude, and yaw effects.
  • AI.X.D.K3:
    Stall characteristics as they relate to airplane design, and recognition impending stall and full stall indications using sight, sound, or feel.
  • AI.X.D.K4:
    Factors and situations that can lead to a power-on stall and actions that can be taken to prevent it.
  • AI.X.D.K5:
    Fundamentals of stall recovery.
  • AI.X.D.K6:
    Common errors related to this Task.
Risk Management 8 ACS Elements
  • AI.X.D.R1:
    Factors and situations that could lead to an inadvertent power-on stall, spin, and loss of control.
  • AI.X.D.R2:
    Range and limitations of stall warning indicators (e.g., aircraft buffet, stall horn, etc.).
  • AI.X.D.R3:
    Stall warning(s) during normal operations.
  • AI.X.D.R4:
    Stall recovery procedure.
  • AI.X.D.R5:
    Secondary stalls, accelerated stalls, elevator trim stalls, and cross-control stalls.
  • AI.X.D.R6:
    Effect of environmental elements on airplane performance related to power-on stalls (e.g., turbulence, microbursts, and high-density altitude).
  • AI.X.D.R7:
    Collision hazards.
  • AI.X.D.R8:
    Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
Skills 11 ACS Elements
  • AI.X.D.S1:
    Clear the area.
  • AI.X.D.S2:
    Select an entry altitude that allows the Task to be completed no lower than 1,500 feet above ground level (AGL) (ASEL, ASES) or 3,000 feet AGL (AMEL, AMES).
  • AI.X.D.S3:
    Establish the takeoff, departure, or cruise configuration, as specified by the evaluator, and maintain coordinated flight throughout the maneuver.
  • AI.X.D.S4:
    Set power to no less than 65 percent power.
  • AI.X.D.S5:
    Transition smoothly from the takeoff or departure attitude to the pitch attitude that induces a stall.
  • AI.X.D.S6:
    Maintain a specified heading ±10° if in straight flight; maintain a specified angle of bank not to exceed 20°, ±10° if in turning flight, until an impending or full stall is reached, as specified by the evaluator.
  • AI.X.D.S7:
    Acknowledge the cues at the first indication of a stall (e.g., aircraft buffet, stall horn, etc.).
  • AI.X.D.S8:
    Recover at the first indication of a stall or after a full stall has occurred, as specified by the evaluator.
  • AI.X.D.S9:
    Configure the airplane as recommended by the manufacturer, and accelerate to best angle of climb speed (VX) or best rate of climb speed (VY).
  • AI.X.D.S10:
    Return to the altitude, heading, and airspeed specified by the evaluator.
  • AI.X.D.S11:
    Analyze and correct common errors related to this Task.
Flight Instructor (Airplane) Power-On Stalls Lesson Plan

Conclusion

  • Re-Motivation:

    • Effective instruction in power-On Stalls helps learners build sound judgment, technical competence, and safe operating habits.

  • Closure:

    • Advise students that this lesson will be used as a starting point for the next lesson.
    • Assign study materials for the next lesson.