Flight Instructor Instrument (Airplane) Missed Approach Lesson Plan

Flight Instructor Instrument (Airplane) • PTS Area VIII, Task C

The Flight Instructor Instrument (Airplane) Missed Approach Lesson Plan covers the instructional objectives required by FAA-S-8081-9E.

Flight Instructor Instrument (Airplane) Missed Approach Lesson Plan

Introduction

  • Schedule

    Topic:
    Time:
    Attention/Motivator:
    0:05
    Part 1, Lesson Introduction:
    0:05
    Part 2, PTS Objective Instruction:
    0:45
    Part 3, Demonstration and Teaching:
    0:30
    Part 4, Guided Scenario:
    0:20
    Part 5, Lesson Conclusion:
    0:05
    Remotivation/Closure:
    0:05
    Total Ground Time:
    0:00

  • Attention Getter:

    • Present an IFR (Instrument Flight Rules) teaching scenario in which safety or learner understanding depends on effective instruction in missed approach.
    • Ask the instructor applicant to identify the first instructional decision that will shape the outcome.

  • Motivator:

    • To determine that the applicant:

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Flight Instructor Instrument (Airplane) Missed Approach Lesson Plan

Materials

  • Required Materials:

    • Writing instrument and instructional surface.
    • FAA-S-8081-9E, Flight Instructor Instrument Practical Test Standards for Airplane and Helicopter.
    • Lesson plan, student training record, and applicable instructor records.

  • Optional Materials:

    • Model-specific Pilot's Operating Handbook or Airplane Flight Manual (POH/AFM).
    • Current IFR charts, procedures, weather information, Notices to Airmen (NOTAMs), and electronic flight bag, as applicable.
    • Airplane, approved aviation training device, cockpit procedures trainer, or classroom teaching aids, as appropriate.

  • Reference Materials:

Flight Instructor Instrument (Airplane) Missed Approach Lesson Plan

Instructor Actions

  • Review the maneuver's common errors and assess the learner's understanding of their mitigations.
  • Before the lesson, review the reference materials, applicable airplane limitations, and the instructor applicant's preparation.
  • Part 1, Lesson Introduction:
    • Present the attention getter and motivator.
    • Use retrieval questioning to have the learner explain Area of Operation VIII, Task C, and the Practical Test Standards.
    • State the lesson objective: To determine that the applicant:
  • Part 2, PTS Objective Instruction:
    • Teach the planning, recognition, initiation, and execution of a missed approach. (CFII.VIII.C.1)
      • pertinent information on the selected instrument approach chart. (CFII.VIII.C.1a)
      • conditions requiring a missed approach. (CFII.VIII.C.1b)
      • initiation of the missed approach, including the prompt application of power, establishment of a climb attitude, and reduction of drag. (CFII.VIII.C.1c)
      • required report to ATC. (CFII.VIII.C.1d)
      • compliance with the published or alternate missed approach procedure. (CFII.VIII.C.1e)
      • notification of ATC if the aircraft is unable to comply with a clearance, instruction, restriction, or climb gradient. (CFII.VIII.C.1f)
      • performance of recommended checklist items appropriate to the go-around procedure. (CFII.VIII.C.1g)
      • importance of positive aircraft control. (CFII.VIII.C.1h)
    • Teach the recognition, consequences, and correction of common missed-approach errors. (CFII.VIII.C.2)
      • failure to have essential knowledge of the information on the instrument approach chart. (CFII.VIII.C.2a)
      • failure to recognize conditions requiring a missed approach. (CFII.VIII.C.2b)
      • failure to promptly initiate a missed approach. (CFII.VIII.C.2c)
      • failure to make the required report to ATC. (CFII.VIII.C.2d)
      • failure to comply with the missed approach procedure. (CFII.VIII.C.2e)
      • faulty basic instrument flying technique. (CFII.VIII.C.2f)
      • descent below the MDA prior to initiating a missed approach. (CFII.VIII.C.2g)
    • Demonstrate and simultaneously explain a missed approach. (CFII.VIII.C.3)
    • Analyze and correct simulated learner errors during a missed approach. (CFII.VIII.C.4)
    • Present a concrete example, then require the learner to explain and apply appropriate use of an installed MFD or other graphical navigation display to monitor position and track without allowing automation management to displace aircraft control. (CFII.VIII.C.5)
  • Part 3, Demonstration and Teaching:
    • Before beginning the approach, require the applicant to brief the missed-approach point, initial heading and altitude, navigation transition, climb gradient, communications, hold, aircraft configuration, and expected airport environment so a missed approach is never improvised.
    • Have the applicant demonstrate prompt power application, climb attitude, drag reduction and configuration changes, positive aircraft control, required ATC report, and compliance with the published or assigned procedure.
    • Require early notification when aircraft performance cannot meet a clearance, restriction, or climb gradient, and use installed graphical displays only as a supporting cross-check.
    • Introduce delayed initiation, descent below minimums, an incorrect navigation mode, omitted call, or deviation from the procedure and assess timely intervention and correction. (CFII.VIII.C.2, C.4)
  • Part 4, Guided Scenario:
    • Lead the guided scenario and evaluate organization, technical accuracy, risk management, learner engagement, and every applicable PTS objective.
  • Part 5, Lesson Conclusion:
    • Review the objective, instructional strengths, risk-management decisions, and items requiring additional practice.
    • Present the re-motivation and closure.
  • Update instructor records and the instructor applicant's training record, as required.
Flight Instructor Instrument (Airplane) Missed Approach Lesson Plan

Guided Scenario(s)

  • Assign an instrument approach with weather at minimums, a published missed approach, a climb-gradient concern, and an installed navigation display.
  • Require a complete missed-approach briefing, then trigger the missed approach because the required visual references are unavailable or the approach becomes unstable. (CFII.VIII.C.1, C.3, C.5)
  • Insert one configuration, communication, navigation-mode, altitude, or procedure error and require diagnosis, intervention, correction, and reassessment. (CFII.VIII.C.2, C.4)
  • Conclude with a learner-centered assessment and instructor self-critique tied to every PTS objective.
Flight Instructor Instrument (Airplane) Missed Approach Lesson Plan

Student Actions

  • Review the maneuver's common errors and explain how to prevent and correct each applicable error.
  • Complete assigned readings and prepare a lesson plan with objective, content sequence, teaching aids, assessment, and completion standards.
  • Teach every applicable PTS objective accurately and in learner-appropriate language.
  • Identify, assess, mitigate, and teach risks associated with the task.
  • Explain or demonstrate applicable procedures while maintaining positive control, observing the learner, and correcting errors appropriately.
  • Use effective questions, check understanding, conduct a learner-centered assessment, and perform an instructor self-assessment.
Flight Instructor Instrument (Airplane) Missed Approach Lesson Plan

Practical Test Standards

Flight Instructor Instrument (Airplane) Missed Approach Practical Test Standards

  • Source: FAA-S-8081-9E, Flight Instructor Instrument Practical Test Standards for Airplane and Helicopter.
  • Area VIII, Task C: Missed Approach.
  • Area note: The evaluator shall select Tasks A and B, to be combined with Task C, D, or E. At least one nonprecision approach procedure shall be accomplished without the use of the gyroscopic heading and attitude indicators under simulated instrument conditions. Circling approaches are not applicable to helicopters.
  • References: 14 CFR part 91; FAA -H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15; FAA-S-ACS-8, FAA-S-ACS-14; IAP; AIM.
  • Objective: To determine that the applicant:
Objective Elements 5 PTS Elements
  • CFII.VIII.C.1:
    Exhibits instructional knowledge of a missed approach procedure by describing—
    • CFII.VIII.C.1a:
      pertinent information on the selected instrument approach chart.
    • CFII.VIII.C.1b:
      conditions requiring a missed approach.
    • CFII.VIII.C.1c:
      initiation of the missed approach, including the prompt application of power, establishment of a climb attitude, and reduction of drag.
    • CFII.VIII.C.1d:
      required report to ATC.
    • CFII.VIII.C.1e:
      compliance with the published or alternate missed approach procedure.
    • CFII.VIII.C.1f:
      notification of ATC if the aircraft is unable to comply with a clearance, instruction, restriction, or climb gradient.
    • CFII.VIII.C.1g:
      performance of recommended checklist items appropriate to the go-around procedure.
    • CFII.VIII.C.1h:
      importance of positive aircraft control.
  • CFII.VIII.C.2:
    Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a missed approach by describing—
    • CFII.VIII.C.2a:
      failure to have essential knowledge of the information on the instrument approach chart.
    • CFII.VIII.C.2b:
      failure to recognize conditions requiring a missed approach.
    • CFII.VIII.C.2c:
      failure to promptly initiate a missed approach.
    • CFII.VIII.C.2d:
      failure to make the required report to ATC.
    • CFII.VIII.C.2e:
      failure to comply with the missed approach procedure.
    • CFII.VIII.C.2f:
      faulty basic instrument flying technique.
    • CFII.VIII.C.2g:
      descent below the MDA prior to initiating a missed approach.
  • CFII.VIII.C.3:
    Demonstrates and simultaneous ly explains a missed approach from an instructional standpoint.
  • CFII.VIII.C.4:
    Analyzes and corrects simulated common errors related to a missed approach.
  • CFII.VIII.C.5:
    Exhibits instructional knowledge on the uses of the MFD and other graphical navigational displays, if installed, to monitor position and track to help navigate the missed approach.
Flight Instructor Instrument (Airplane) Missed Approach Lesson Plan

Conclusion

  • Re-Motivation:

    • Effective instruction in missed approach builds sound instrument judgment, technical competence, and safe operating habits.

  • Closure:

    • Advise students that this lesson will be used as a starting point for the next lesson.
    • Assign study materials for the next lesson.