Attention:
- Research a case study
- Discuss how the initial conditions developed into an incident/accident/mishap
- Relate similar personal experience of the same type of incident/accident/mishap
Motivator:
- Aeronautical Decision-Making is the systematic approach to consistently determine the best decision in response to a given set of circumstances
- Safe flying requires the effective integration of three separate sets of skills:
- Most noticeable are the basic stick-and-rudder skills needed to control the airplane
- Next are skills related to the proficient operation of aircraft systems
- Last but not least, are Aeronautical Decision-Making (ADM) skills
- ADM is an ever evolving systematic approach to the mental process (risk and stress management) used by pilots to consistently determine the best course of action in response to a given set of circumstances
- An understanding of the decision-making process provides a pilot with a foundation for developing ADM skills
- While these models guide pilots help prevent facing the consequences of improper decision-making, decision-making in a dynamic environment provides unique challenges each flight
- To maintain readiness for dynamic situations, pilots must continuously practice maintaining situational awareness to their surroundings
- Two defining elements of ADM are hazard and risk
- While the FAA strives to eliminate errors through technology, training, systems, and improved flight safety programs, one fact remains: humans make errors
- There is an element of risk in every flight, and therefore, pilots must apply the principles of risk management throughout the ADM process
Overview:
Topic:
Time:
Introduction:
0:05
Preflight Assessment:
0:15
Review (quiz):
0:05
Case Studies:
0:05
Total Ground Time:
0:30
Required Materials:
- Paper, Pen, Marker, Whiteboard
Instructor Actions:
Student Actions:
- Complete assigned reading (see content above)
- Ask pertinent questions
- Perform self-assessment, including fitness for flight and personal minimums, as appropriate
- Make a go/no-go decision, as appropriate
Private Pilot - Preflight Assessment Airman Certification Standards:
- Objective: To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with preparation for safe flight
- References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23, FAA-H-8083-25, FAA-H-8083-28; POH/AFM
Preflight Assessment Knowledge:
The applicant demonstrates understanding of:-
PA.II.A.K1:
Pilot self-assessment -
PA.II.A.K2:
Determining that the airplane to be used is appropriate and airworthy -
PA.II.A.K3:
Airplane preflight inspection, including:-
PA.II.A.K3a:
Which items should be inspected -
PA.II.A.K3b:
The reasons for checking each item -
PA.II.A.K3c:
How to detect possible defects -
PA.II.A.K3d:
The associated regulations
-
-
PA.II.A.K4:
Environmental factors, including weather, terrain, route selection, and obstructions
Preflight Assessment Risk Management:
The applicant is able to identify, assess, and mitigate risk associated with:-
PA.II.A.R1:
Pilot -
PA.II.A.R2:
Aircraft -
PA.II.A.R3:
Environment (e.g., weather, airports, airspace, terrain, obstacles) -
PA.II.A.R4:
External pressures -
PA.II.A.R5:
Aviation security concerns
Preflight Assessment Skills:
The applicant exhibits the skill to:-
PA.II.A.S1:
Inspect the airplane with reference to an appropriate checklist -
PA.II.A.S2:
Verify the airplane is in condition for safe flight and conforms to its type design -
PA.II.A.S3:
Perform self-assessment -
PA.II.A.S4:
Continue to assess the environment for safe flight
Re-Motivation:
Closure:
- Advise students that this lesson will be used as a starting point for the next lesson
- Assign study materials for the next lesson