Attention:
- Research a mishap case study:
- Discuss how the initial conditions developed into an incident/accident/mishap
- Relate similar personal experience of the same type of incident/accident/mishap
Motivator:
- Having just started the aircraft and completed the required checklists, the pilot is ready to put the aircraft in motion
- Taxiing is that movement of an aircraft while on the ground, under its own power
- Taxiing is accomplished primarily through the use of the rudder and brakes however, pilots are also required to mitigate the impacts of wind
- Since movement on an airport's surface involves coordination, clearances requirements/coordination are required to operate
- With the basics in mind, pilots execute Taxi Procedures as they move about an airport's surface area
- While the movement of the aircraft is our primary concern, there remain some checklist items we must accomplish to prepare/close-out an operation
- Finally, while taxiing seems straight forward, it can also be an art, with best practices that can help pilots
- Once your engine has started you must be aware of what you're doing and keep a visual scan, your "flight" has begun
- It may be required initially to tow the aircraft before engines are started to be safe
Overview:
Topic:
Time:
Introduction:
0:05
Taxiing:
0:15
Review (quiz):
0:05
Case Studies:
0:05
Total Ground Time:
0:30
Required Materials:
- Paper, Pen, Marker, Whiteboard
Instructor Actions:
Student Actions:
- Complete assigned reading (see content above)
- Ask pertinent questions
Private Pilot - Taxiing (ASEL, AMEL) Airman Certification Standards:
- To determine that the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with safe taxi operations, including runway incursion avoidance
- References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-25; POH/AFM; AC 91-73; Chart Supplements; AIM
Taxiing (ASEL, AMEL) Knowledge:
The applicant must demonstrate an understanding of:-
PA.II.D.K1:
Current airport aeronautical references and information resources such as the Chart Supplement, airport diagram, and NOTAMS -
PA.II.D.K2:
Taxi instructions/clearances -
PA.II.D.K3:
Airport markings and signs informationAirport markings, signs, and lights -
PA.II.D.K4:
Visual indicators for wind -
PA.II.D.K5:
Aircraft lighting -
PA.II.D.K6:
Procedures for:-
PA.II.D.K6a:
Appropriate flight deck activities prior to taxi, including route planning and identifying the location of Hot Spots PA.II.D.K6b:
Radio communications at towered and nontowered airportsPA.II.D.K6c:
Entering or crossing runwaysPA.II.D.K6d:
Night taxi operationsPA.II.D.K6e:
Low visibility taxi operations
-
Taxiing (ASEL, AMEL) Risk Management:
The applicant demonstrates the ability to identify, assess, and mitigate risks, encompassing:PA.II.D.R1:
Inappropriate activities and distractionsPA.II.D.R2:
Confirmation or expectation bias as related to taxi instructionsPA.II.D.R3:
A taxi route or departure runway change
Taxiing (ASEL, AMEL) Skills:
The applicant demonstrates the ability to:PA.II.D.S1:
Receive and correctly read back clearances/instructions, if applicablePA.II.D.S2:
Use an airport diagram or taxi chart during taxi, if published, and maintain situational awarenessPA.II.D.S3:
Position the flight controls for the existing windPA.II.D.S4:
Complete the appropriate checklistPA.II.D.S5:
Perform a brake check immediately after the airplane begins movingPA.II.D.S6:
Maintain positive control of the airplane during ground operations by controlling direction and speed without excessive use of brakesPA.II.D.S7:
Comply with airport/taxiway markings, signals, and ATC clearances and instructionsPA.II.D.S8:
Position the airplane properly relative to hold lines
Re-Motivation:
Closure:
- Advise students that this lesson will be used as a starting point for the next lesson
- Assign study materials for the next lesson