Confined Area Approach and Landing
Lesson Plan

Attention:

• Research a mishap case study:
  • Approach and Landing case studies
• Discuss how the initial conditions developed into an incident/accident/mishap
• Relate similar personal experience of the same type of incident/accident/mishap

Motivator:

• More austere and even urban airport environments require obstacle negotiation

Overview:

Required Materials:

• Paper, Pen, Marker, Whiteboard

Instructor Actions:

• Discuss confined area Approach and Landing
• Discuss confined area takeoff and climb airman certification standards
• Discuss case studies
• Conclusion

Student Actions:

• Complete assigned reading (see content above)
• Ask pertinent questions
• Make a go/no-go decision, as appropriate

Completion Standards:

• Confined Area Takeoff and Maximum Performance Climb (ASES, AMES):

  Confined Area Approach and Landing (ASES, AMES) Knowledge:

  The applicant must demonstrate an understanding of:

  • PA.IV.H.K1:

    A stabilized approach, to include energy management concepts

  • PA.IV.H.K2:

    Effects of atmospheric conditions, including wind, on approach and landing performance

  • PA.IV.H.K3:

    Wind correction techniques on approach and landing

  
  

  Confined Area Approach and Landing (ASES, AMES) Risk Management:

  The applicant demonstrates the ability to identify, assess, and mitigate risks, encompassing:

  • PA.IV.H.R1:

    Selection of approach path and touchdown area based on pilot capability, airplane performance and limitations, available distance, and wind

  • PA.IV.H.R2:

    Effects of:

    • PA.IV.H.R2a:

      Crosswind

    • PA.IV.H.R2b:

      Windshear

    • PA.IV.H.R2c:

      Tailwind

    • PA.IV.H.R2d:

      Wake turbulence

    • PA.IV.H.R2e:

      Runway surface/condition

  • PA.IV.H.R3:

    Planning for a go-around and rejected landing

  • PA.IV.H.R4:

    Collision hazards, to include aircraft, terrain, obstacles, wires, vehicles, persons, and wildlife

  • PA.IV.H.R5:

    Low altitude maneuvering including stall, spin, or CFIT

  • PA.IV.H.R6:

    Distractions, loss of situational awareness, or improper task management

  
  

  Confined Area Approach and Landing (ASES, AMES) Skills:

  The applicant demonstrates the ability to:

  • PA.IV.H.S1:

    Complete the appropriate checklist

  • PA.IV.H.S2:

    Make radio calls as appropriate

  • PA.IV.H.S3:

    Ensure the airplane is aligned for an approach to the correct/assigned landing surface

  • PA.IV.H.S4:

    Scan the landing area for traffic and obstructions

  • PA.IV.H.S5:

    Select and aim for a suitable touchdown point considering the wind, landing surface, and obstructions

  • PA.IV.H.S6:

    Establish the recommended approach and landing configuration and airspeed, and adjust pitch attitude and power as required to maintain a stabilized approach

  • PA.IV.H.S7:

    Maintain manufacturer's published approach airspeed or in its absence not more than 1.3 V_SO, +10/-5 knots with gust factor applied

  • PA.IV.H.S8:

    Maintain directional control and appropriate crosswind correction throughout the approach and landing, as required

  • PA.IV.H.S9:

    Make smooth, timely, and correct control application during the round out and touchdown

  • PA.IV.H.S10:

    Contact the water at the recommended airspeed with a proper pitch attitude for the surface conditions

  • PA.IV.H.S11:

    Touch down at a proper pitch attitude, within 200 feet beyond or on the specified point, with no side drift, minimum float, and with the airplane's longitudinal axis aligned with the projected landing path

  • PA.IV.H.S12:

    Execute a timely go-around if the approach cannot be made within the tolerances specified above or for any other condition that may result in an unsafe approach or landing

  • PA.IV.H.S13:

    Apply elevator control as necessary to stop in the shortest distance consistent with safety

Re-Motivation:

Closure:

• Advise students that this lesson will be used as a starting point for the next lesson
• Assign study materials for the next lesson