Takeoffs, Landings, and Go-Arounds
Lesson Plans

Glassy Water Takeoff and Climb (ASES, AMES):

  • To determine that the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with a glassy water takeoff and climb
  • Note: If a glassy water condition does not exist, the applicant must be evaluated by simulating the Task
  • References: FAA-S-ACS-6, FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-23; POH/AFM; AIM

Knowledge:

The applicant must demonstrate an understanding of:

  • PA.IV.I.K1:

    Effects of atmospheric conditions, including wind, on takeoff and climb performance

  • PA.IV.I.K2:

    Vx and Vy

  • PA.IV.I.K3:

    Appropriate airplane configuration

  • PA.IV.I.K4:

    Appropriate use of glassy water takeoff and climb technique

Risk Management:

The applicant demonstrates the ability to identify, assess, and mitigate risks, encompassing:

  • PA.IV.I.R1:

    Selection of takeoff path based on pilot capability, airplane performance and limitations, and available distance

  • PA.IV.I.R2:

    Water surface/condition

  • PA.IV.I.R3:

    Abnormal operations, to include planning for

  • PA.IV.I.R4:

    Collision hazards, to include aircraft, terrain, obstacles, wires, vessels, persons, and wildlife

  • PA.IV.I.R5:

    Low altitude maneuvering including stall, spin, or CFIT

  • PA.IV.I.R6:

    Distractions, loss of situational awareness, or improper task management

  • PA.IV.I.R7:

    Failure to confirm gear position in an amphibious airplane

Skills:

The applicant demonstrates the ability to:

  • PA.IV.I.S1:

    Complete the appropriate checklist

  • PA.IV.I.S2:

    Make radio calls as appropriate

  • PA.IV.I.S3:

    Position flight controls and flaps for the existing conditions

  • PA.IV.I.S4:

    Clear the area; select appropriate takeoff path considering surface hazards or vessels and surface conditions

  • PA.IV.I.S5:

    Retract the water rudders as appropriate; advance the throttle smoothly to takeoff power

  • PA.IV.HIS6:

    Establish and maintain an appropriate planing attitude, directional control, and correct for porpoising, skipping, and increase in water drag

  • PA.IV.I.S7:

    Avoid excessive water spray on the propeller(s)

  • PA.IV.I.S8:

    Utilize appropriate techniques to lift seaplane from the water considering surface conditions

  • PA.IV.I.S9:

    Establish proper attitude/airspeed and accelerate to Vy +10/-5 knots during the climb

  • PA.IV.I.S10:

    Configure the airplane after a positive rate of climb has been verified or in accordance with airplane manufacturer's instructions

  • PA.IV.I.S11:

    Maintain Vy +10/-5 knots to a safe maneuvering altitude

  • PA.IV.I.S12:

    Maintain directional control throughout takeoff and climb

Glassy Water Approach and Landing (ASES, AMES):

  • To determine that the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with a glassy water approach and landing
  • Note: If a glassy water condition does not exist, the applicant must be evaluated by simulating the Task
  • References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-23; POH/AFM; AIM

Knowledge:

The applicant must demonstrate an understanding of:

  • PA.IV.K.K1:

    Effects of atmospheric conditions, including wind, on takeoff and climb performance

  • PA.IV.K.K2:

    Vx and Vy

  • PA.IV.K.K3:

    Appropriate airplane configuration

  • PA.IV.K.K4:

    Appropriate use of rough water takeoff and climb technique

Risk Management:

The applicant demonstrates the ability to identify, assess, and mitigate risks, encompassing:

  • PA.IV.K.R1:

    Selection of takeoff path based on pilot capability, airplane performance and limitations, available distance, and wind

  • PA.IV.K.R2:

    Water surface/condition

  • PA.IV.I.R3:

    Abnormal operations, to include planning for

  • PA.IV.I.R4:

    Collision hazards, to include aircraft, terrain, obstacles, wires, vessels, persons, and wildlife

  • PA.IV.I.R5:

    Low altitude maneuvering including stall, spin, or CFIT

  • PA.IV.I.R6:

    Distractions, loss of situational awareness, or improper task management

  • PA.IV.I.R7:

    Failure to confirm gear position in an amphibious airplane

Skills:

The applicant demonstrates the ability to:

  • PA.IV.J.S1:

    Complete the appropriate checklist

  • PA.IV.J.S2:

    Make radio calls as appropriate

  • PA.IV.J.S3:

    Scan the landing area for traffic and obstructions

  • PA.IV.J.S4:

    Select a proper approach and landing path considering the landing surface, visual attitude references, water depth, and collision hazards

  • PA.IV.J.S5:

    Establish the recommended approach and landing configuration and airspeed, and adjust pitch attitude and power as required to maintain a stabilized approach

  • PA.IV.J.S6:

    Maintain manufacturer's published approach airspeed or in its absence not more than 1.3 VSO, +10/-5 knots with gust factor applied

  • PA.IV.J.S7:

    Make smooth, timely, and correct power and control adjustments to maintain proper pitch attitude and rate of descent to touchdown

  • PA.IV.J.S8:

    Contact the water in a proper pitch attitude, and slow to idle taxi speed

  • PA.IV.J.S9:

    Maintain directional control throughout the approach and landing

Rough Water Takeoff and Climb (ASES, AMES):

  • To determine that the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with a rough water takeoff and climb
  • Note: If a rough water condition does not exist, the applicant must be evaluated by simulating the Task
  • References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-23; POH/AFM; AIM

Knowledge:

The applicant must demonstrate an understanding of:

  • PA.IV.J.K1:

    A stabilized approach, to include energy management concepts

  • PA.IV.J.K2:

    Effects of atmospheric conditions, including wind, on approach and landing performance

  • PA.IV.J.K3:

    When and why glassy water techniques are used

  • PA.IV.J.K4:

    How a glassy water approach and landing is executed

Risk Management:

The applicant demonstrates the ability to identify, assess, and mitigate risks, encompassing:

  • PA.IV.K.R1:

    Selection of takeoff path based on pilot capability, airplane performance and limitations, available distance, and wind

  • PA.IV.K.R2:

    Effects of:

  • PA.IV.K.R3:

    Abnormal operations, to include planning for:

  • PA.IV.K.R4:

    Collision hazards, to include aircraft, terrain, obstacles, wires, vehicles, persons, and wildlife

  • PA.IV.K.R5:

    Low altitude maneuvering including stall, spin, or CFIT

  • PA.IV.K.R6:

    Distractions, loss of situational awareness, or improper task management

  • PA.IV.K.R7:

    Failure to confirm gear position in an amphibious airplane

Skills:

The applicant demonstrates the ability to:

  • PA.IV.K.S1:

    Complete the appropriate checklist

  • PA.IV.K.S2:

    Make radio calls as appropriate

  • PA.IV.K.S3:

    Verify assigned/correct takeoff path

  • PA.IV.K.S4:

    Ascertain wind direction with or without visible wind direction indicators

  • PA.IV.K.S5:

    Position flight controls and configure the airplane for the existing conditions

  • PA.IV.K.S6:

    Clear the area, select an appropriate takeoff path considering wind, swells, surface hazards, or vessels

  • PA.IV.K.S7:

    Retract the water rudders as appropriate; advance the throttle smoothly to takeoff power

  • PA.IV.K.S8:

    Establish and maintain an appropriate planing attitude, directional control, and correct for porpoising, skipping, and increase in water drag

  • PA.IV.K.S9:

    Avoid excessive water spray on the propeller(s)

  • PA.IV.K.S10:

    Lift off at minimum airspeed and accelerate to VY +10/- 5 knots before leaving ground effect

  • PA.IV.K.S11:

    Configure the airplane after a positive rate of climb has been verified or in accordance with airplane manufacturer's instructions

  • PA.IV.K.S12:

    Maintain VY +10/-5 knots to a safe maneuvering altitude

  • PA.IV.K.S13:

    Maintain directional control and proper wind-drift correction throughout takeoff and climb

Rough Water Approach and Landing (ASES, AMES):

  • To determine that the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with a rough water approach and landing
  • Note: If a rough water condition does not exist, the applicant must be evaluated by simulating the Task.
  • References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-23; POH/AFM; AIM

Knowledge:

The applicant must demonstrate an understanding of:

  • PA.IV.L.K1:

    A stabilized approach, to include energy management concepts

  • PA.IV.L.K2:

    A stabilized approach, to include energy management concepts

  • PA.IV.K.K2:

    Vx and Vy

  • PA.IV.K.K3:

    Appropriate airplane configuration

  • PA.IV.K.K4:

    Appropriate use of rough water takeoff and climb technique

Risk Management:

The applicant demonstrates the ability to identify, assess, and mitigate risks, encompassing:

  • PA.IV.K.R1:

    Selection of takeoff path based on pilot capability, airplane performance and limitations, available distance, and wind

  • PA.IV.K.R2:

    Water surface/condition

  • PA.IV.I.R3:

    Abnormal operations, to include planning for

  • PA.IV.I.R4:

    Collision hazards, to include aircraft, terrain, obstacles, wires, vessels, persons, and wildlife

  • PA.IV.I.R5:

    Low altitude maneuvering including stall, spin, or CFIT

  • PA.IV.I.R6:

    Distractions, loss of situational awareness, or improper task management

  • PA.IV.I.R7:

    Failure to confirm gear position in an amphibious airplane

Skills:

The applicant demonstrates the ability to:

  • PA.IV.J.S1:

    Complete the appropriate checklist

  • PA.IV.J.S2:

    Make radio calls as appropriate

  • PA.IV.J.S3:

    Scan the landing area for traffic and obstructions

  • PA.IV.J.S4:

    Select a proper approach and landing path considering the landing surface, visual attitude references, water depth, and collision hazards

  • PA.IV.J.S5:

    Establish the recommended approach and landing configuration and airspeed, and adjust pitch attitude and power as required to maintain a stabilized approach

  • PA.IV.J.S6:

    Maintain manufacturer's published approach airspeed or in its absence not more than 1.3 VSO, +10/-5 knots with gust factor applied

  • PA.IV.J.S7:

    Make smooth, timely, and correct power and control adjustments to maintain proper pitch attitude and rate of descent to touchdown

  • PA.IV.J.S8:

    Contact the water in a proper pitch attitude, and slow to idle taxi speed

  • PA.IV.J.S9:

    Maintain directional control throughout the approach and landing

References:

  • FAA (FAA-H-8083-2) Risk Management Handbook
  • FAA (FAA-H-8083-3)
  • FAA (FAA-H-8083-23)
  • POH/AFM
  • AC 00-6