Private Pilot (Airplane) Instrument Approach & Landing With An Inoperative Engine (Simulated) Lesson Plan
The Private Pilot (Airplane) Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine (Simulated) Lesson Plan covers the knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with executing a published instrument approach solely by reference to instruments with one engine inoperative.
Private Pilot (Airplane) Instrument Approach & Landing With An Inoperative Engine (Simulated) Lesson Plan Introduction
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Schedule:
Topic:Time:Attention/Motivator:0:05Part 1, Lesson Introduction:0:05Part 2, Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine (Simulated) Fundamentals:1:15Part 3, Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine Procedures:1:15Part 4, Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine Risk Management:0:20Part 5, Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine Guided Scenario(s):0:20Part 6, Lesson Conclusion:0:05Remotivation/Closure:0:05Total Ground Time:0:00
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Attention Getter:
- Research a mishap case study:
- Discuss how the initial conditions developed into an incident/accident/mishap.
- Relate similar personal experiences of the same type of incident/accident/mishap.
- Consider incorporating a case study as a guided scenario.
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Motivator:
- Diversions are deviations from the original plan which are usually due to fuel, weather, aeromedical or systems
- While no one plans to divert, the first time the situation dictates a diversion, you should have already planned ahead
- Practice develops skills necessary for plotting a new course and determining a new ETA while en route
- Diversions occur due to low fuel, bad weather, fatigue, illness, airplane or system malfunction, and others
- Although the concept is the same, their procedures can be dramatically different when flying Visual Flight Rules (VFR) or Instrument Flight Rules (IFR)
Private Pilot (Airplane) Instrument Approach & Landing With An Inoperative Engine (Simulated) Lesson Plan Materials
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Required Materials:
- Writing instrument (pen, marker, etc.).
- Writing surface (paper, whiteboard, etc.).
- Internet connection (computer, tablet, smartphone, etc.).
- Phone (for preflight briefing).
- Personal Weather Minimums Worksheet.
- Airman Certification Standards.
- Student jacket.
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Optional Materials:
- Pilot Operating Handbook, Electronic Flight Bag.
- Instructor endorsement log.
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Reference Materials:
- Aircraft Weather and Atmosphere Supplement.
- Mountain Flying Supplement.
- Pilot Logbooks Supplement.
- Air Masses and Weather Fronts Supplement.
- Clouds in the Aviation Environment Supplement.
- Turbulence Supplement.
- Thunderstorms Supplement.
- Microbursts Supplement.
- Icing in the Aviation Environment Supplement.
- Aviation Fog Supplement.
- Aviation Routine Weather Report (METAR) Supplement.
- Terminal Area Forecast (TAF) Supplement.
- Graphical Forecasts for Aviation (GFA) Supplement.
- Surface Analysis Chart Supplement.
- Winds and Temperatures Aloft Supplement.
- Convective Outlook Supplement.
- In-Flight Weather Advisories Supplement.
- Pilot Reports Supplement.
- Preflight Briefing Supplement.
- Federal Aviation Regulations Part 91.
- Advisory Circular (91-92) Pilot's Guide to a Preflight Briefing.
- Aeronautical Information Manual.
- Risk Management Handbook.
- Airplane Flying Handbook.
- Pilot Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge.
- Airman Certification Standards:
- Hard copies of the ACS and Oral Exam Guides are available on Amazon.
- Digital copies of the ACS are available on the FAA's website.
Private Pilot (Airplane) Instrument Approach & Landing With An Inoperative Engine (Simulated) Lesson Plan Instructor Actions
- Before the lesson, review reference materials.
- Part 1, Lesson Introduction:
- Review the lesson plan, including the attention and motivator.
- Review the airman certification standards.
- Part 2, Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine Fundamentals:
- Discuss selecting an alternate destination, including runway length, services, weather, terrain, and familiarity.
- Discuss diversion decision making, emphasizing early recognition and timely action.
- Discuss situations requiring deviation from the flight plan or ATC instructions.
- Review risks associated with delaying Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine (Simulated) decisions, including fuel exhaustion, deteriorating weather, and increasing workload.
- Discuss task prioritization and distractions, emphasizing “aviate, navigate, communicate.”
- Introduce available resources (charts, GPS, ATC, onboard equipment) and how they support Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine (Simulated) decisions.
- Part 3, Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine (Simulated) Procedures:
- Discuss diversion planning, including estimating heading, distance, groundspeed, time, and fuel.
- Demonstrate how to select a suitable route and adjust for wind correction.
- Discuss maintaining aircraft control while performing calculations and navigation updates.
- Introduce VFR Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine (Simulated) procedures, including pilotage, dead reckoning, and use of landmarks.
- Introduce IFR Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine (Simulated) considerations, including ATC coordination and clearance requirements.
- Discuss updating Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine (Simulated) in flight and adjusting the Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine (Simulated) plan accordingly.
- Review common errors, including fixation, poor planning, loss of situational awareness, and failure to act promptly.
- Part 4, Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine:
- Part 5, Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine Guided Scenario(s):
- Lead a guided scenarios>guided scenarios.
- Present a realistic en route situation requiring a Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine (Simulated) (weather, fuel, mechanical, or passenger-related).
- Require the student to select a Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine (Simulated) airport and justify the decision.
- Have the student estimate heading, time en route, and fuel requirements.
- Require the student to verbalize priorities and demonstrate workload management.
- Challenge the student to identify and mitigate risks such as disorientation, fuel state, and deteriorating conditions.
- Part 6, Lesson Conclusion:
- Present the remotivation, conclude, and provide guidance for follow-on lessons.
- Review student actions required ahead of the next lesson.
- Update instructor endorsement records and the student's jacket, as required.
Private Pilot (Airplane) Instrument Approach & Landing With An Inoperative Engine (Simulated) Lesson Plan Guided Scenario(s)
- Take an existing flight plan and identify potential alternates
- What airports are suitable, have requisite services, or are most familiar?
- Discuss considerations for diverting for maintenance, weather, etc.
- Discuss resources available to make a Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine (Simulated) decision
- Walk through a diversion
- Related scenarios:
Private Pilot (Airplane) Instrument Approach & Landing With An Inoperative Engine (Simulated) Lesson Plan Student Actions
- Complete the assigned readings (see content above).
- Complete a personal weather minimums worksheet.
- Complete or review AOPA's Online Learning Course - Weather or Not Thunderstorm Challenge.
- Ask pertinent questions.
- Perform self-assessment, including fitness for flight and personal minimums, as appropriate.
- Make a go/no-go decision, as appropriate.
Private Pilot (Airplane) Instrument Approach & Landing With An Inoperative Engine (Simulated) Airman Certification Standards
- To determine that the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with executing a published instrument approach solely by reference to instruments with one engine inoperative
- Note: See Appendix 6: Safety of Flight and Appendix 7: Aircraft, Equipment, and Operational Requirements & Limitations
- References: FAA-H-8083-2 (Risk Management Handbook), FAA-H-8083-3; FAA-P-8740-66; POH/AFM.
Private Pilot (Airplane) Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine (Simulated) Knowledge:
The applicant demonstrates an understanding of:-
PA.X.D.K1:
Instrument approach procedures with one engine inoperative.
Private Pilot (Airplane) Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine (Simulated) Risk Management:
The applicant is able to identify, assess, and mitigate risks associated with:-
PA.X.D.R1:
Potential engine failure during approach and landing. -
PA.X.D.R2:
Collision hazards. -
PA.X.D.R3:
Configuring the airplane. -
PA.X.D.R4:
Low altitude maneuvering, including stall, spin, or controlled flight into terrain (CFIT). -
PA.X.D.R5:
Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation. -
PA.X.D.R6:
Performing a go-around/rejected landing with an engine failure.
Private Pilot (Airplane) Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine (Simulated) Skills:
The applicant exhibits the skills to:-
PA.X.D.S1:
Promptly recognize an engine failure and maintain positive aircraft control. -
PA.X.D.S2:
Set the engine controls, reduce drag, identify and verify the inoperative engine, and simulate feathering of the propeller on the inoperative engine (evaluator should then establish zero thrust on the inoperative engine). -
PA.X.D.S3:
Use flight controls in the proper combination as recommended by the manufacturer, or as required to . -
PA.X.D.S4:
Follow the manufacturer's recommended emergency procedures and complete the appropriate checklist. -
PA.X.D.S5:
Monitor the operating engine and aircraft systems and make adjustments as necessary. -
PA.X.D.S6:
Request and follow an actual or a simulated air traffic control (ATC) clearance for an instrument approach. -
PA.X.D.S7:
Maintain altitude ±100 feet or minimum sink rate if applicable, airspeed ±10 knots, and selected heading ±10°. -
PA.X.D.S8:
Establish a rate of descent that ensures arrival at the minimum descent altitude (MDA) or decision altitude (DA)/decision height (DH) with the airplane in a position from which a descent to a landing on the intended runway or landing path can be made, either straight in or circling as appropriate. -
PA.X.D.S9:
On final approach segment, maintain vertical (as applicable) and lateral guidance within 3/4-scale deflection. -
PA.X.D.S10:
Avoid loss of airplane control or attempted flight contrary to the operating limitations of the airplane. -
PA.X.D.S11:
Comply with the published criteria for the aircraft approach category if circling. -
PA.X.D.S12:
Execute a landing. -
PA.X.D.S13:
Complete the appropriate checklist(s).
Private Pilot (Airplane) Instrument Approach & Landing With An Inoperative Engine (Simulated) Lesson Plan Conclusion
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Re-Motivation:
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Closure:
- Advise students that this lesson will be used as a starting point for the next lesson.
- Assign study materials for the next lesson.